Reasons Why Parents Should Read Aloud with Children Essay

One of the greatest gifts that a parent can bestow upon a child is the gift of literacy. Reading is a wonderful pastime, and the key to unlocking many academic puzzles. Parents should read aloud to children as part of a regular routine, one that can be thoroughly enjoyed by both parties. Firstly, reading aloud to children poses the benefit of being quality time spent together. Parents need to have special time with their children, and reading to them is a great method for achieving this goal. Instead of plunking the children down in front of the television, sit them down on your lap and open up a book. As you begin to read to your children, marvel at their attention to detail, and use every opportunity to test their memory and knowledge. While reading, stop frequently and relate the story to an aspect of their everyday life. This will help them to see the correlation between themselves and their environment. While you are enjoying the quality time with your children as you read aloud, you will also be fostering a love of reading that transcends boundaries. Learning to love books at a young age will enhance the children’s desire to be an avid reader as they mature. A love of literature can take a child to unfathomable heights, allowing them to soar to faraway lands of make believe. Children that are read aloud to may use their creativity and imagination more often, building their different levels of intelligence. Being read aloud too can help them see the world, giving them an idea of their place in the world. Another great reason why parents should read aloud to children is to enhance their vocabulary skills. The parent should ensure that they read every word in a story verbatim, never glossing over words that they deem difficult. Children need to hear new words, and need to be explained to their meaning. This will boost their communicative skills. A child with a mastery of vocabulary will be able to orate and have himself or herself heard with a greater degree of efficiency than a counterpart saddled with a limited grasp of the language. When a parent reads aloud to their children, they are also teaching their children to read. As the pages turn, the children are intently watching, following every word on the page, learning that the words go from left to right and flow in a certain fashion. They will, through spoken osmosis, learn how to read on their own. The longer this continues, and with a great deal of frequency, the more proficient of a reader they will become. Parents also should read aloud to their children so that are heard enjoying the books, and the children. This bond will unite them, and the stories will also help them to learn things of importance. Books should be selected together, during regular visits to the local library or book store. This will give the child a sense of autonomy and ownership over the story, which may hold their attention for a longer period. Parents can help steer the children towards books that have strong morals, ethics, focus on manners and friendships, and interesting characters. Once the children begin to learn how to read, the roles can be reversed, and the children can become the readers while the parents become the attentive audience. This may give the children a jolt of confidence and self-esteem that will serve them well as they continue through the educational system. The only thing better than a good book is sharing it with a loved one. Nine Benefits for Parents Who Read Aloud Reading Aloud: 1. Creates bonding experience 2. Allows you to observe and share in your child’s interests. 3. Demonstrates your commitments to your child. 4. Provides an opportunity to model and transmit values. 5. Develops good communication skills. 6. Provide bibliotherapy* opportunities. 7. Gives children a chance to ask you questions. 8. Combats a passive, couch-potato, TV-viewing lifestyle. 9. Helps you build a storehouse of pleasant memories with your children. *Using stories and books to help Children deal with traumatic events such as death, divorce, loss of a pet, and adjusting to life-changing situations such as moving and entering school. Sources: Paticia A. Habada, Ph. D. Senior Editor of the SDA Life Series Reading textbooks Health and Home, Volume 38 Pages 45-47 Bobby Coles http://www.helium.com

Apartment – title

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Rationale Every individual has the desire to live in a peaceful manner and in a secured way. Apartment is one of the most profitable establishments here in Cebu City for the number of people came from provinces keeps on increasing. Living in an uncertain world, apartment’s owners want to maintain safety measures in their firms and occupants might as well want to be secured. Encroachment is an issue nowadays. It is an act of illegal entry without any permission from the owners/occupants to a specified area.Furthermore, it often resulted to theft, burglary and intrusion. To get rid of this issue, the group proposes this system which is to maintain the security of the apartments via biometrics. With this system, encroachment issue will be avoided for without the presence of the occupants, no one can enter the apartment. Theoretical Background According to Harbron (1988), one way of attaining security of a certain area is by means of biometrics. Jain et. al. (1999) identified that biometric system can operate verification and identification mode.It is very important to make our place secured in many aspects to prevent from encroachment issues. According to statistics, more than 30% of the burglars have gained access into apartments, through an open door or window. (http://www. buzzle. com/articles/security-alarm-systems-for-apartments. html). Flordelis, Timothy Jake B. et. al. (2005) confirmed that there are problems that occupants and owners experienced these are theft, intrusion, and burglary, which considered being encroachment. Lao, Excio Erving Jr. A. et. al. 2003) explained that by using home automation system, one can make several or all of the systems and devices in home work automatically to provide more security, safety, and convenience. It inspires the group to make this Apartment Security System via Biometrics that will enhance the existing one in securing the Apartments. In Apartment Security System via Biometrics, all roo ms should be networked to the server. According to Clark et. al. (1985), a network is a collection of processors and terminals that serves more than one user at a time by communication.Biometrics Theory Biometric identification technologies (the automatic recognition of individuals based on physical and/or behavioral characteristics) date back over 50 years to the earliest digital computers. Over the last two decades, biometric identification devices have become faster, cheaper, and more reliable, allowing for a variety of applications. This course looks at the history, theory, algorithms, applications, and standards of biometric recognition, including voice, iris, face, hand, and fingerprint identification.Test protocols, system design, and error rate prediction are discussed, along with the implications of the technology for personal privacy. 1. Abstract One of the most critical issues to solve when building multi-accessible systems, such as computer applications, cars or physical buildings, is to determine the identity of a person. A system protecting confidential information, or items of value, puts strong security demands on the identification. Biometry provides us with a user-friendly method for this identification and is becoming a competitor for current identification mechanisms, especially for electronic transactions.However, there are ways to compromise a system based on biometric verification. This article focuses on the drawbacks and risks of biometric verification, specifically verification based on fingerprints. It shows how all currently available fingerprint scanners can be fooled by dummies that are created with very limited means and skills. This article should be read as a warning to those thinking of using new methods of identification without first examining the technical opportunities for compromising the identification mechanism and the associated legal consequences.This is especially true for people working with smart cards since it is quite common to store fingerprints on smart cards and due to the developments in solid state fingerprint scanners, integration of a fingerprint scanner on a smart card is possible. 2. Information Identification systems based on biometrics are capable of identifying persons on the basis either physical or behavioural characteristics. Currently, there are over ten different techniques available to identify a person based on biometrics.The following techniques are applied within the main categories physical and behavioural characteristics: |Behavioral characteristics                      |Physical characteristics | |keystrokes dynamics |iris recognition | |voice recognition |retina recognition | |signature dynamics |vein pattern recognition | | |face recognition | | |recognition of hand or finger geometry | | |fingerprint recognition | Before a system is able to verify the specific biometrics of a person, it of course requires something to compare it with. Therefore, a p rofile or template containing the biometrical properties is stored in the system. Recording the characteristics of a person is called enrolment. In order to get a profile that corresponds most with reality, the biometrical. characteristics are scanned several times. In case of fingerprint recognition the finger is scanned three to four times to get a profile that is independent of variations that occur in practice, such as the angle of placement of the finger on the scanner.Since storage capacity for the profiles in these systems is usually limited (for example if used in combination with smart cards), it is common to use data compression before storing the profile. Storing profiles in tokens requires a combination of token and biometry for verification and therefore gives a higher level of security. When a biometrical verification is to occur, a scan of the biometrics of a person is made and compared with the characteristics that are stored in the profile. In general, a certain mar gin of error is allowed between the observed and stored characteristics. If this margin is too small, the system will reject a righteous person more often while if this margin is too large, malicious persons will be accepted by the system.The probabilities that a righteous person will be rejected and that a malicious person will be accepted, are called False Reject Rate (FRR) and False Accept Rate (FAR) respectively. When using a biometric system, one would of course want to minimise both rates, but unfortunately these are not independent. An optimum trade-off between FRR and FAR has to be found with respect to the application. 3. Biometric Identification In this chapter the techniques for fingerprint identification will be explored. After explaining the theory of fingerprint verification, all current scanning technologies are described in more detail. Once it is known how these scanners identify a person by means of a fingerprint, two methods to counterfeit fingerprints are shown.A ll additional methods implemented by scanner manufacturers to prevent counterfeits from being successful are also described together with proposed methods how these systems could also be fooled into accepting dummy fingerprints. The consequences for systems using fingerprint verification are discussed at the end of the chapter. First, an example for fingerprint verification from practice will be given. This example also illustrates how difficult it can be to find an optimum trade-off between FAR and FRR. From a security point of view, one would want to have the FAR as small as possible. However, for acceptance of a biometry system, a large FRR is worse. Case: Within the car industry a biometric verification system is under evaluation.Manufacturers of expensive cars are considering using fingerprint recognition as a requirement for ignition of the engine. To arm against car theft, the FAR should be as small as possible. On the other hand, suppose that the righteous owner of a car can not use his car because his fingerprint is rejected (i. e. FRR is too high). He will consider this to be a much more serious flaw in the system than a technical failure which prevents the car from being started. This is especially true if he compares the advantages of this system with this rejection: the advantages are that the driver does not (necessarily) have to have a key to his car and a perception of higher security with respect to theft of his car. Whether indeed the security improves is questionable.Right now, we do not see car thieves trying to copy the key of your car, instead they try to by-pass the ignition mechanism where the car key is involved. Furthermore, as this article will show, it might decrease security since it is fairly easy and cheap to copy a fingerprint from a person, even without the person knowing this. 3. 1 Theory of Fingerprint Verification The skin on the inside of a finger is covered with a pattern of ridges and valleys. Already centuries ago it was studied whether these patterns were different for every individual, and indeed every person is believed to have unique fingerprints. This makes fingerprints suitable for verification of the identity of their owner.Although some fingerprint recognition systems do the comparison on the basis of actual recognition of the pattern, most systems use only specific characteristics in the pattern of ridges. These characteristics are a consequence from the fact that the papillary ridges in the fingerprint pattern are not continuous lines but lines that end, split into forks (called bifurcation), or form an island. These special points are called minutiae and, although in general a fingerprint contains about a hundred minutiae, the fingerprint area that is scanned by a sensor usually contains about 30 to 40 minutiae. For over hundred years law enforcement agencies all over the world use minutiae to accurately identify persons .For a positive identification that stands in European courts at lea st 12 minutiae have to be identified in the fingerprint. The choice of 12 minutiae is often referred to as â€Å"the 12 point rule†. This 12 point rule is not based on statistical calculations but is empirically defined based on the assumption that, even when a population of tens of millions of persons are considered, no two persons will have 12 coinciding minutiae in their fingerprints. Most commercially available fingerprint scanners give a positive match when 8 minutiae are found. Manufacturers claim a FAR of one in a million based on these 8 minutiae, which seems reasonable. 3. 2 Fingerprint Scanning Technologies Technologies for scanning fingerprints have evolved over the past years.The traditional method which is used by law enforcement agencies for over a hundred years now is making a copy of the print that is found at a crime scene or any other location and manually examining it to find minutiae. These minutiae are compared with prints from a database or specific ink prints, which could be taken at a later time. This method is of course based on the fact that the person who left the fingerprints is not co-operating by placing his finger on a fingerprint scanner. For systems that are commercially available (and deployed) people are required to co-operate in order to gain access to whatever is protected by the verification system. The first generation fingerprint scanners appeared on the market in the mid eighties, so the technology is about fifteen years old.Over the past few years the technology for scanning fingerprints for commercial purposes has evolved a lot. While the first generation sensors used optical techniques to scan the finger, current generation sensors are based on a variety of techniques. The following techniques are deployed in commercial products that are currently available: †¢ Optical sensors with CCD or CMOS cameras †¢ Ultrasonic sensors †¢ Solid state electric field sensors †¢ Solid state capacitive sens ors †¢ Solid state temperature sensors The techniques will be described in greater detail in this section. The solid state sensors are so small that they can be built into virtually any machine.Currently a sensor is in development that will be built in a plastic card the size of a credit card, not only with respect to length and width but also with respect to thickness! It is clear that this type of sensor will give a boost to the number of applications using fingerprint technology. (http://cryptome. org/fake-prints. htm) THE PROBLEM Statement of the Problem Encroachment has been an issue in our industry. It could not be resolved unless there are security systems. This study aims to secure every room in any apartment eliminating strangers to get into one’s room without the presence of any occupant. This study is further concerned with the following issues: 1.What are the existing systems used to maintain security of the apartments? 2. What are the problems encountered by the occupants of the apartments? 3. What are the advantages of this Apartment Security System among the existing systems? 4. What are the technological features in this Apartment Security System? Statistics The number of residential burglaries recorded increased 0. 7% from 27,347 in 2009/2010 to 27,531 in 2010/2011. Burglary (residential) had a clearance rate of 12. 4% during 2010/2011, 1. 6 percentage points lower than that of 2009/2010. Reported Residential Burglary in the Philippines as of 2007 [pic]Figure 1. 1 Burglary (residential) Graph Significance of the StudyTrespassing has been a concern in our society, to put an end this issue, this Apartment Security System must be realized. Apartment is the most profitable business establishment businessmen could ever have. Hence, such establishments must be secured all the time. Security systems are not just luxury in an Apartment, it is a necessity to maintain security and to be able to prevent from encroachment issues such as burgla ry, intrusion, theft, etc. If there is security system in the apartment, then both owners and boarders will benefit the system. The boarders will feel comfortable living in the apartment with such system, and will not encounter encroachment issues, hence the boarders will live peacefully and live longer in that certain apartment.A boarder who stays in the apartment long enough is an indication that he trusted the system that runs in the apartment. So, it is an advantage on the owner’s side because, aside from the fact that no intruder can get access to his establishment, it is a big income if the boarders stayed longer in his apartment. Scope and Limitation The project focuses more on the security systems. The project identified the occupants of the apartment by means of fingerprint identification through biometrics. This project already exists, the only difference is that the group applied the system in every room which makes the system expensive enough for it requires every apartment a single biometrics. The group pilots only two rooms for demonstration purposes.The system is capable of identifying occupants to the extent that it alarms whenever an intruder reached the maximum tries of fingerprint identifying. The project could not cater occupants who are disabled (do not have fingers). RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Methodology is generally a guideline for solving a problem, with specific components such as phases, tasks, methods, techniques and tools. The group uses applied research and makes use of various techniques and tools in conducting this research. Research Environment The group will conduct the survey in the apartment where there are tenants and an owner. The purpose of our survey is to determine what are their concerned about the security of their apartment. Number of apartments and dormitories surveyed: 21Number of owners interviewed: 3 Number of workers interviewed: 18 Number of boarders interviewed: 100 Example of apartment’s and dormitori es surveyed: Kim Kathleen’s House for ladies – Brgy. Cabancalan, Mandaue City Engr. Bing Momo Europa Apartelle and Dormitory- Brgy. Cabancalan, Mandaue City â€Å"Patoy† Saint Joseph Dormitory – Lopez Jaena St. , Mandaue City â€Å"Ma’am Earl Joy† Pink Dormitory- Brgy. Pitogo Consolacion â€Å"Dioscor Jamisola† Research Respondents The people to be conducted by the group are the apartment tenants and the owner for they are the stakeholder of the system. The group will use the simple random sampling technique in getting the number of respondents.Research Instruments The data gathering is employed through the use of the questionnaire and supplemented with some data analysis of published, unpublished thesis and some article Research Procedure Gathering Data The team gathered the data through the formulated questionnaire which was distributed in the apartments, hotel, boarding house and school to identify the views of the respondents. Tre atment of Data Based on the questionnaire, the team construct, analyze, and interpret. The team will use the following formula. n = N 1 + N e Where: n = sample size N = population size e = desire margin of error DEFINITION OF TERMS Project Design A project that is being put into reality by a group of designer. Designers – A group of individuals that is tasked to develop the project design. Hardware – The physical components of a computer system, including any peripheral equipment such as printers, modem and mouse. Software – Computer programs are referred to as software. Feature – Is a unique, attractive, or desirable property of a program or of a computer or other hardware. Microcontroller – A highly integrated chip contains all the components comprising a controller. Server – A computer system that consist of database and other information of it a device that manages network resource. Circuit A combination of electrical or electronics comp onents, interconnected to perform one or more specific functions. Breadboard – A fiberboard used by electronic circuit designers to build experimental circuits and prototypes. Relay – Is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit. Transistor – Is a semiconductor device, commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals. Serial Communication – Is the process of sending data one bit at one time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where all the bits of each symbols are sent together. Flowchart A diagram representing the logical sequence in which a combination of steps or operation is to be perform. Program Flowchart – Describes graphically in detail the logical operation and steps with in a program and the sequence in which these steps are to be executed to the transformation of data to produce the needed output. System Flowchart – Graphic representation of the procedure involved in converting data or media to data in output form. CHAPTER 2 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter focuses more on the data gathered in order for the proponents to further understand the importance of the project. The gathered data is being analyzed so that the group will be aware of the standards or the expectations of the mass.It is then interpreted by making graphs such as pie graph and bar graph to easily visualize the results of the conducted survey. The Figure 2. 1 shows that most of the group’s research respondents are the Occupant of the Apartment with fifty – eight percent (58%). The group conducted this research in the apartment’s occupant because they are the ones who will be benefiting the project aside from the Apartment owners. Their opinions and suggestions are very significant in making our project a successful one. The Figure 2. 2 shows that sixty four percent ( 64%) of the respondents has security systems in their respective apartments. But there are thirty six percent (36%) of the respondents who are living in an apartment with no security. CHAPTER 3Technical Aspects of the Systems This chapter contains the summary of the software and components used in the project in order for the readers to examine how the project was made. System Flowchart is the interpretation of how the project runs from start to end. The Program Flowchart is the interpretation of how the user interfaces with the users. The Block Diagram is how the project composed of. And the Source Code it is the program used of how the project runs with. [pic] Figure 3. 1 – System Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. 2 – System Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. 3 – Program Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. 4 – Program Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. 5 – Program Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. – Program Flowchart [pic] Figure 3. 7 – Program Flowchart System Block Diagram †¢ For Fingerprint Scanner [pic] Figure 3. 8 – System Block Diagram For Fingerprint Scanner †¢ For the whole system [pic] Figure 3. 9 – System Block Diagram For the whole System Schematic Diagram The schematic diagram is the design which shows how the desired components are being connected to each other. Figure shows the schematic diagram of our design. [pic] Figure 3. 10 – Schematic Diagram Design Components Software Design Proteus 7 ISIS Professional The Proteus Professional demonstration is intended for prospective customers who wish to evaluate our professional level products.It differs from Proteus Lite in that it does not allow you to save, print or design your own microcontroller based designs (you can however write your own software programs to run on the existing sample design suite for evaluation), but does include all features offered by the professional system including netlist based PCB design with auto-placement, auto-routing and graph b ased simulation .[pic] Figure 3. 11 – Proteus 7 ISIS Professional MikroC The group decided to use MicroC Compiler because it is a C complier for PIC. It is designed to provide the customer with the easiest possible solution for developing applications for embedded system without compromising performance or control. MikroC allows quickly develop and deploy complex applications. [pic] Figure 3. 12 – MikroC VB6. 0 [pic] Figure 3. 3 – VB6. 0 Visual Basic (VB) is a third-generation event-driven programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its COM programming model first released in 1991. Visual Basic is designed to be relatively easy to learn and use. Visual Basic was derived from BASIC and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects. Script ing languages such as VBA and VBScript are syntactically similar to Visual Basic, but perform differently.A programmer can put together an application using the components provided with Visual Basic itself. Programs written in Visual Basic can also use the Windows API, but doing so requires external function declarations. Though the program has received criticism for its perceived faults, from version 3 Visual Basic was a runaway commercial success,and many companies offered third party controls greatly extending its functionality. The final release was version 6 in 1998. Microsoft's extended support ended in March 2008 and the designated successor was Visual Basic . NET (now known simply as Visual Basic). Hardware Components PIC 16F877A Microcontroller [pic] Figure 3. 14 – PIC 16F877AA PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) microcontroller is an IC manufactured by Microchip. These ICs are complete computers in a single package. The only external components necessary are whate ver is required by the I/O devices that are connected to the PIC. A microcontroller is a small computer and it can only perform simple task. Microcontroller consists of: †¢ Processor that executes the program †¢ Program memory to store the program that has been compiled successfully by the programmer. †¢ Ram (random-access memory) to store â€Å"variables. † †¢ IO Port to connect sensor, keypad, LED and so on. Crystal Oscillator [pic] Figure 3. 15 – Crystal OscillatorA  crystal oscillator  is an  electronic oscillator  circuit that uses the mechanical  resonance  of a vibrating  crystal  of  piezoelectric material  to create an electrical signal with a very precise  frequency. This frequency is commonly used to keep track of time (as in  quartz wristwatches), to provide a stable  clock signal  for digital  integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for  radio transmitters  and  receivers. The most common ty pe of piezoelectric resonator used is the quartz crystal, so oscillator circuits designed around them became known as â€Å"crystal oscillators. † Relay [pic] Figure 3. 16 – Relay A  relay  is an  electrically  operated  switch. Many relays use an  electromagnet  to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used.Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. Resistor [pic] Figure 3. 17 – Resistor Typical 10K ohm, 1/4 watt resistor that can be used with various circuits. The color band on the r esistor is Brown, Black, Orange, Gold. Diode [pic] Figure 3. 18 – DiodeDiodes allow electricity to flow in only one direction. The arrow of the circuit symbol shows the direction in which the current can flow. Diodes are the electrical version of a valve and early diodes were actually called valves. Regulator [pic] Figure 3. 19 – Regulator Encapsulated in a single chip/package (IC), the  7805  is a positive voltage DC  regulator  that has only 3 terminals. They are: Input voltage, Ground, Output Voltage. Transistor [pic] Figure 3. 20 – Transistor Transistor is a â€Å"CURRENT† operated device which has a very large amount of current (Ic) which flows without restraint through the device between the  collector  and emitter terminals.But this is only possible if a small amount of biasing current (Ib) is  present  in the base terminal of the transistor making the base to act as a current control input. LED (Light Emitting Diode) [pic] Figure 3 . 21 – LED A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting. Introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962,[2] early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available across the visible, ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. DCU 11 [pic] Figure 3. 22 – DCU 11 The cable incorporates a charger port to charge the phone while the cable is in use, and your phone’s built-in modem brings the Web and email to your PC.The widely accepted USB standard and high-speed data transfer make this cable the ideal link from your phone to your PC. †¢ USB connector Fingerprint Scanner [pic] Figure 3. 23 – Fingerprint Scanner Fingerprint recognition  or  fingerprint authentication  refers to the  automated  method of verifying a match between two human  fingerprints. Fingerprints are one of many forms o f  biometrics  used to  identify  individuals and  verify  their  identity. This article touches on two major classes of  algorithms  (minutia and pattern) and four  sensor  designs (optical, ultrasonic, passive capacitance, and active capacitance). Power Supply [pic] Figure 3. 24 – Power Supply A  power supply  is a device that supplies  electrical  energy  to one or more  electric loads.The term is most commonly applied to devices that convert one form of electrical energy to another, though it may also refer to devices that convert another form of energy (e. g. , mechanical, chemical, solar) to electrical energy. A  regulated power supply  is one that controls the output voltage or current to a specific value; the controlled value is held nearly constant despite variations in either load current or the voltage supplied by the power supply's energy source. Program Source Code MikroC char ch; void main() { PORTB = 0x00; TRISB = 0x00; TRI SC = 0x80; PORTC = 0; Usart_Init(9600); delay_ms(100); while(1) { if(Usart_Data_Ready()) { ch = Usart_Read(); if(ch == ‘1') { PORTC. F0 = 1; elay_ms(5000); PORTC. F0 = 0; ch=''; } if(ch == ‘2') { PORTC. F1 = 1; delay_ms(8000); PORTC. F1 = 0; ch=''; } } PORTB = 0x00; } VB6. 0 â€Å"Enrollment† Dim WithEvents Capture As DPFPCapture Dim CreateFtrs As DPFPFeatureExtraction Dim CreateTempl As DPFPEnrollment Dim ConvertSample As DPFPSampleConversion Private Sub DrawPicture(ByVal Pict As IPictureDisp) ‘ Must use hidden PictureBox to easily resize picture. Set HiddenPict. Picture = Pict Picture1. PaintPicture HiddenPict. Picture, _ 0, 0, Picture1. ScaleWidth, _ Picture1. ScaleHeight, _ 0, 0, HiddenPict. ScaleWidth, _ HiddenPict. ScaleHeight, vbSrcCopy Picture1. Picture = Picture1. Image End SubPrivate Sub ReportStatus(ByVal str As String) Status. AddItem (str) ‘ Add string to list box. Status. ListIndex = Status. NewIndex ‘ Move list box selection down. End Sub Private Sub Close_Click() Capture. StopCapture ‘ Stop capture operation. Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Set Capture = New DPFPCapture ‘ Create capture operation. Capture. StartCapture ‘ Start capture operation. Set CreateFtrs = New DPFPFeatureExtraction ‘ Create DPFPFeatureExtraction object. Set CreateTempl = New DPFPEnrollment ‘ Create DPFPEnrollment object. Samples. Caption = CreateTempl.FeaturesNeeded ‘ Show number of samples needed. Set ConvertSample = New DPFPSampleConversion ‘ Create DPFPSampleConversion object. End Sub Private Sub Capture_OnReaderConnect(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String) ReportStatus (â€Å"The fingerprint reader was connected. â€Å") End Sub Private Sub Capture_OnReaderDisconnect(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String) ReportStatus (â€Å"The fingerprint reader was disconnected. â€Å") End Sub Private Sub Capture_OnFingerTouch(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String) ReportStatus (â€Å"The fingerprint reader was to uched. â€Å") End Sub Private Sub Capture_OnFingerGone(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String) ReportStatus (â€Å"The finger was removed from the fingerprint reader. â€Å") End SubPrivate Sub Capture_OnSampleQuality(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String, ByVal Feedback As DPFPCaptureFeedbackEnum) If Feedback = CaptureFeedbackGood Then ReportStatus (â€Å"The quality of the fingerprint sample is good. â€Å") Else ReportStatus (â€Å"The quality of the fingerprint sample is poor. â€Å") End If End Sub Private Sub Capture_OnComplete(ByVal ReaderSerNum As String, ByVal Sample As Object) Dim Feedback As DPFPCaptureFeedbackEnum ReportStatus (â€Å"The fingerprint sample was captured. â€Å") ‘ Draw fingerprint image. DrawPicture ConvertSample. ConvertToPicture(Sample) ‘ Process sample and create feature set for purpose of enrollment. Feedback = CreateFtrs.CreateFeatureSet(Sample, DataPurposeEnrollment) ‘ Quality of sample is not good enough to produce feature set. If Feedback = CaptureFeedbackGood Then ReportStatus (â€Å"The fingerprint feature set was created. â€Å") Prompt. Caption = â€Å"Touch the fingerprint reader again with the same finger. † ‘ Add feature set to template. CreateTempl. AddFeatures CreateFtrs. FeatureSet ‘ Show number of samples needed to complete template. Samples. Caption = CreateTempl. FeaturesNeeded If Val(Samples. Caption) = 0 Then MainFrame. Picture1. Visible = True Else MainFrame. Picture1. Visible = False End If ‘ Check if template has been created. If CreateTempl.TemplateStatus = TemplateStatusTemplateReady Then MainFrame. SetTemplete CreateTempl. Template ‘ Template has been created, so stop capturing samples. Capture. StopCapture Prompt. Caption = â€Å"Click Close, and then click Fingerprint Verification. † MsgBox â€Å"The fingerprint template was created. † End If End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) Capture. StopCapture ‘ Stop capture operat ion End Sub â€Å"frmFlash† Option Explicit Dim i As Integer Private Declare Sub Sleep Lib â€Å"kernel32† (ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) Private Sub Form_Activate() For i = 0 To 10 i = i + 1 Sleep (500) Me. Refresh Next Unload Me frmStandbyMode. Show End Sub â€Å"frmInventory†Private Function ConnectDB() As String ConnectDB = â€Å"DRIVER={MySQL ODBC 5. 1 Driver}; SERVER = localhost; DATABASE = db_AMASS; USER = root; PASSWORD = †;† End Function Private Sub cmdPayDue_Click() Set rsPay = New ADODB. Recordset rsPay. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsPay. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsPay. LockType = adLockOptimistic ‘rsPay. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration†, ConnectDB rsPay. Open â€Å"select * from tbl_registration where FullName = ‘† & txtPay. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB If rsPay. EOF = False Then ‘With rsPay ‘rsPay. MoveFirst ‘ While rsPay. EOF = False ‘ If txtPay. Text = rsPay! Fu llName Then If MsgBox(â€Å"Continue paying his due? , vbInformation + vbYesNo, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System – Paying Due†) = vbYes Then rsPay! ToPay = rsPay! ToPay + rsPay! Payment rsPay. Update List_Unpaid. Clear Call query_list ‘ rsPay. MoveNext ‘ Else: rsPay. MoveNext End If ‘ Else: rsPay. MoveNext ‘ End If ‘ Wend ‘End With End If End Sub Private Sub cmdPrint_Click() Set rst = New ADODB. Recordset rst. CursorLocation = adUseClient rst. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rst. LockType = adLockOptimistic rst. Open â€Å"select * from tbl_registration†, ConnectDB Set GuestReport. DataSource = rst. DataSource GuestReport. ReportWidth = 6000 GuestReport. Show End SubPrivate Sub cmdPrintLogs_Click() Set rst = New ADODB. Recordset rst. CursorLocation = adUseClient rst. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rst. LockType = adLockOptimistic rst. Open â€Å"select * from tbl_logs where FullName = ‘† & txtPay. Text & â⠂¬Å"‘†, ConnectDB If rst. EOF = False Then Set GuestLogs. DataSource = rst. DataSource GuestLogs. ReportWidth = 5000 GuestLogs. Show End If End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() Unload Me Load MainFrame End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() txtPay. Text = â€Å"† Set rsViewInventory = New ADODB. Recordset rsViewInventory. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsViewInventory. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsViewInventory. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsViewInventory.Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration ORDER BY RoomNumber ASC†, ConnectDB Set dgGuestInventory. DataSource = rsViewInventory frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(0). Visible = False frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(2). Visible = False frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(5). Visible = False frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(7). Visible = False frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(8). Visible = False frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(1). Width = 2200 frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Co lumns(3). Width = 1900 frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(4). Width = 1600 frmInventory. dgGuestInventory. Columns(6). Width = 1200 If rsViewInventory.EOF = False Then With rsViewInventory rsViewInventory. MoveFirst While rsViewInventory. EOF = False If rsViewInventory. EOF = False Then txtBayadHolder. Text = rsViewInventory! ToPay txtBayadUtang. Text = Val(txtBayadUtang. Text) + Val(txtBayadHolder. Text) ‘rsViewInventory! ToPay rsViewInventory. MoveNext End If Wend End With Dim rsUpdateNah As New ADODB. Recordset rsUpdateNah. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsUpdateNah. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsUpdateNah. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsUpdateNah. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_inventory†, ConnectDB If txtBayadUtang. Text = rsUpdateNah! Total Then txtBayadUtang.Text = â€Å"Php † & FormatNumber(rsUpdateNah! Total) Else Dim rsUpdateNahh As New ADODB. Recordset rsUpdateNahh. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsUpdateNahh. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsUpdateNahh. Lock Type = adLockOptimistic rsUpdateNahh. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_inventory†, ConnectDB rsUpdateNahh! Total = txtBayadUtang. Text rsUpdateNahh. Update rsUpdateNahh. Close txtBayadUtang. Text = â€Å"Php † & FormatNumber(txtBayadUtang. Text) End If End If Call query_list End Sub Private Sub txtPay_Change() If txtPay. Text â€Å"† Then cmdPayDue. Enabled = True cmdPrintLogs. Enabled = True End If End Sub Public Function query_list() Dim rsViewUnpaid As New ADODB. Recordset rsViewUnpaid.CursorLocation = adUseClient rsViewUnpaid. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsViewUnpaid. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsViewUnpaid. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration†, ConnectDB If rsViewUnpaid. EOF = False Then With rsViewUnpaid List_Unpaid. AddItem â€Å"Name's† & vbTab & vbTab & vbTab & â€Å"To Pay† List_Unpaid. AddItem â€Å"† rsViewUnpaid. MoveFirst While rsViewUnpaid. EOF = False If rsViewUnpaid! ToPay = 0 Then txtBayadHolder. Text = rsViewUnpai d! FirstName & † † & rsViewUnpaid! LastName & vbTab & vbTab & â€Å"Php † & FormatNumber(rsViewUnpaid! Payment) List_Unpaid. AddItem txtBayadHolder. Text rsViewUnpaid. MoveNext Else: rsViewUnpaid.MoveNext End If Wend End With End If End Function â€Å"frmLogin† Private Declare Function sndPlaySound Lib â€Å"winmm. dll† Alias â€Å"sndPlaySoundA† _ (ByVal lpszSoundName As String, ByVal uFlags As Long) As Long Const SND_SYNC = &H0 Const SND_NODEFAULT = &H2 Private Function ConnectDB() As String ConnectDB = â€Å"DRIVER={MySQL ODBC 5. 1 Driver}; SERVER = localhost; DATABASE = db_AMASS; USER = root; PASSWORD = †;† End Function Private Sub cmdCancel_Click() Unload Me frmStandbyMode. Enabled = True frmStandbyMode. Show End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() frmStandbyMode. Enabled = False End Sub Private Sub cmdOK_Click() Set recordSetAccount = New ADODB. Recordset ecordSetAccount. CursorLocation = adUseClient recordSetAccount. CursorType = a dOpenDynamic recordSetAccount. LockType = adLockOptimistic recordSetAccount. Open â€Å"tbl_account†, ConnectDB If (frmLogin. txtUserName. Text = â€Å"† And frmLogin. txtPassword. Text = â€Å"†) Then Unload frmLogin Unload frmStandbyMode MainFrame. mnuSearchGuest. Enabled = False MainFrame. mnuAddGuest. Enabled = False MainFrame. Show ElseIf recordSetAccount. EOF = False Then If frmLogin. txtPassword. Text = â€Å"† Then soundfile$ = â€Å"C:Program FilesTitaniumTimekeepersoundsaccess_denied. wav† wFlags% = SND_ASYNC Or SND_NODEFAULT sound = sndPlaySound(soundfile$, wFlags%)MsgBox â€Å"Please input your password. Try again! â€Å", , â€Å"Login† frmLogin. txtPassword. SetFocus ElseIf Not frmLogin. txtPassword. Text = recordSetAccount! Password Then soundfile$ = â€Å"C:Program FilesTitaniumTimekeepersoundsaccess_denied. wav† wFlags% = SND_ASYNC Or SND_NODEFAULT sound = sndPlaySound(soundfile$, wFlags%) MsgBox â€Å"Incorrect pa ssword. Try again! â€Å", , â€Å"Login† frmLogin. txtPassword. SetFocus frmLogin. txtPassword. SelStart = 0 frmLogin. txtPassword. SelLength = Len(frmLogin. txtPassword. Text) ElseIf (frmLogin. txtUserName. Text = recordSetAccount! UserName And frmLogin. txtPassword. Text = recordSetAccount!Password) Then Unload frmLogin Unload frmStandbyMode MainFrame. Show End If Else soundfile$ = â€Å"C:Program FilesTitaniumTimekeepersoundsaccess_denied. wav† wFlags% = SND_ASYNC Or SND_NODEFAULT sound = sndPlaySound(soundfile$, wFlags%) MsgBox â€Å"Not a valid account. Try again! â€Å", , â€Å"Login† frmLogin. txtUserName. SetFocus frmLogin. txtUserName. SelStart = 0 frmLogin. txtUserName. SelLength = Len(frmLogin. txtUserName. Text) End If End Sub â€Å"frmStanbyMode† Private Sub mnuExit_Click() If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to exit program? â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System†) = vbYes Then Timer1. Enabled = True End IfEnd Sub Private Sub mnuLogin_Click() frmLogin. Show End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() Label1. Visible = True ProgressBar1. Visible = True If ProgressBar1. Value >= ProgressBar1. Max Then End End If ProgressBar1. Value = ProgressBar1. Value + 1 End Sub â€Å"MainFrame† Dim Templ As DPFPTemplate Private Function ConnectDB() As String ConnectDB = â€Å"DRIVER={MySQL ODBC 5. 1 Driver}; SERVER = localhost; DATABASE = db_AMASS; USER = root; PASSWORD = †;† End Function Private Sub cboRoomChoice_Click() If cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"Economy† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 1500 ElseIf cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"Standard† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 2000 ElseIf cboRoomChoice.Text = â€Å"Family† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 2500 End If End Sub Private Sub cboRoomNumberDel_Click() dgGuestDelete. Visible = True Set recordSetDelete = New ADODB. Recordset recordSetDelete. CursorLocation = adUseClient recordSetDelete. CursorType = adOpenDynamic recordSetDelete. LockType = adLockOptimistic recordSetDelete. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE RoomNumber = ‘† & cboRoomNumberDel. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB Set dgGuestDelete. DataSource = recordSetDelete MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(0). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(2). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(7). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete.Columns(8). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(1). Width = 2200 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(3). Width = 1800 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(4). Width = 1800 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(6). Width = 1600 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(8). Width = 3200 If recordSetDelete. EOF True Then img_box_del. Visible = True img_box_del. Picture = LoadPicture(recordSetDelete! Picture) cmdDeletee. Visible = True cmdEditt. Visible = True cmdOpenSesame. Visible = True Else MsgBox â€Å"This room has no guest yet. â€Å", vbInformation, â₠¬Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† img_box_del. Visible = False cmdOpenSesame.Visible = False End If If recordSetDelete. EOF True Then MainFrame. txtIdHolder. Text = recordSetDelete! RoomNumber End If End Sub Private Sub cmdBrowse_Click() CommonDialog1. ShowOpen txtFilePathPic. Text = CommonDialog1. FileName imgbox. Picture = LoadPicture(txtFilePathPic. Text) imgbox. Visible = True End Sub Private Sub cmdClear_Click() Call Clear End Sub Private Sub cmdDeletee_Click() Set rsDelete = New ADODB. Recordset rsDelete. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsDelete. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsDelete. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsDelete. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDBIf MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to delete this Guest?. â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Delete Verification†) = vbYes Then rsDelete. Delete MsgBox â€Å"Guest has been successfully deleted. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Set dgGuestDelete. DataSource = Nothing Call Clear End If End Sub Private Sub cmdEditt_Click() Call Clear frameSearchGuest. Visible = False frameRegisterGuest. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Caption = â€Å"Edit here†¦ † save. Visible = False Dim rsEditGuestt As New ADODB. Recordset rsEditGuestt. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsEditGuestt. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsEditGuestt. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsEditGuestt.Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB txtFirstName. Text = rsEditGuestt! FirstName txtLastName. Text = rsEditGuestt! LastName cboGender. Text = rsEditGuestt! Gender cboRoomChoice. Text = rsEditGuestt! RoomChoice cboRoomNumber. Text = rsEditGuestt! RoomNumber txtFilePathPic. Text = rsEditGuestt! Picture cmdUpdateNah. Visible = True End Sub Private Sub cmdOpenSesame_Click() Se t rsOpen = New ADODB. Recordset rsOpen. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsOpen. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsOpen. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsOpen. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE RoomNumber = ‘† & MainFrame. txtIdHolder. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB ritePort rsOpen! RoomNumber End Sub Private Sub cmdUpdateNah_Click() Dim rsUpdateNah As New ADODB. Recordset rsUpdateNah. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsUpdateNah. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsUpdateNah. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsUpdateNah. Open â€Å"tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to update this Guest?. â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Update Verification†) = vbYes Then rsUpdateNah! templates = Templ. Serialize rsUpdateNah! FirstName = txtFirstName. Text rsUpdateNah! LastName = txtLastName. Text rsUpdateNah! Fullname = txtFirstName. Text & † † & t xtLastName.Text rsUpdateNah! Gender = cboGender. Text rsUpdateNah! RoomChoice = cboRoomChoice. Text rsUpdateNah! RoomNumber = cboRoomNumber. Text rsUpdateNah! Picture = txtFilePathPic. Text rsUpdateNah! CompleteDateStarted = Format(cboMonthStarted. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDateStarted & â€Å"/† & cboYearStarted. Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyy†) rsUpdateNah! CompleteDueDate = Format(cboDueMonth. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueDate. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueYear. Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyy†) rsUpdateNah. Update rsUpdateNah. Close MsgBox â€Å"Guest has successfully Updated. â€Å", vbOnly, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Call Clear End If End Sub Private Sub cmeExitAdd_Click() frameRegisterGuest.Visible = False End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Dim rsguestview As New ADODB. Recordset If mskDateStarted. Text â€Å"† Then Set rsguestview = New ADODB. Recordset rsguestview. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsguestview. LockType = adLockOp timistic rsguestview. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsguestview. Open â€Å"Select * from tbl_logs where Date= ‘† & mskDateStarted & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB Set DataGrid1. DataSource = rsguestview MainFrame. DataGrid1. Columns(0). Width = 2200 Set rsguestview = Nothing End If End Sub Private Sub Enroll_Click() Enrollment. Show vbModal, Me End Sub Public Function GetTemplate() As Object ‘ Template can be empty. If so, then returns Nothing.If Templ Is Nothing Then Else: Set GetTemplate = Templ End If End Function Public Sub SetTemplete(ByVal Template As Object) Set Templ = Template End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call Clear Call View Dim blob() As Byte Dim rs As New ADODB. Recordset rs. CursorLocation = adUseClient rs. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rs. LockType = adLockOptimistic rs. Open â€Å"Select * from tbl_registration†, ConnectDB blob = rs! templates ‘set raw image from MySQL database If Templ Is Nothing Then ‘convert raw image to pictur e Set Templ = New DPFPTemplate Templ. Deserialize blob End If End SubPrivate Sub mnuAddGuest_Click() Call Clear flag = 1 save. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Caption = â€Å"Register here†¦ † frameRegisterGuest. Visible = True frameSearchGuest. Visible = False frameViewGuest. Visible = False cmdUpdateNah. Visible = False End Sub Private Sub mnuChangeUser_Click() If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to logout and change user? â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System†) = vbYes Then Unload Me frmStandbyMode. Show frmLogin. Show End If End Sub Private Sub mnuEditGuest_Click() frameEditGuest. Show End Sub Private Sub mnuInventory_Click() frmInventory. Show End Sub Private Sub mnuLogout_Click()If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to exit program? â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System†) = vbYes Then closePort Unload Me frmStandbyMode. Show End If End Sub Private Sub mnuSearc hGuest_Click() frameSearchGuest. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Visible = False frameViewGuest. Visible = False txtSearch. Text = â€Å"† cboRoomNumberDel. Text = â€Å"† cmdEditt. Visible = False cmdDeletee. Visible = False cmdOpenSesame. Visible = False img_box_del. Visible = False dgGuestDelete. Visible = False End Sub Private Sub mnuViewGuest_Click() Call View End Sub Private Sub ReadTemplate_Click() Dim blob() As Byte CommonDialog1.Filter = â€Å"Fingerprint Template File|*. fpt† ‘ Set dialog box so an error occurs if dialog box is cancelled. CommonDialog1. CancelError = True On Error Resume Next ‘ Show Open dialog box. CommonDialog1. ShowOpen If Err Then ‘ This code runs if dialog box was cancelled. Exit Sub End If ‘ Read binary data from file. Open CommonDialog1. FileName For Binary As #1 ReDim blob(LOF(1)) Get #1, , blob() Close #1 ‘ Template can be empty, it must be created first. If Templ Is Nothing Then Set Templ = Ne w DPFPTemplate ‘ Import binary data to template. Templ. Deserialize blob End Sub Private Sub save_Click() Dim rsAddGuest As New ADODB. Recordset rsAddGuest.CursorLocation = adUseClient rsAddGuest. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsAddGuest. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsAddGuest. Open â€Å"tbl_registration†, ConnectDB If txtFirstName. Text = â€Å"† Or txtLastName. Text = â€Å"† Or cboGender. Text = â€Å"† Or cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"† Or cboRoomNumber. Text = â€Å"† Or txtFilePathPic. Text = â€Å"† Or cboMonthStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDateStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboYearStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueMonth. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueDate. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueYear. Text = â€Å"† Then MsgBox â€Å"Missing Fields. â€Å", vbCritical + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Else If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to add this Guest?. , vbYes No + vbInformation, â€Å"Delete Verification†) = vbYes Then rsAddGuest. AddNew rsAddGuest! templates = Templ. Serialize rsAddGuest! FirstName = txtFirstName. Text rsAddGuest! LastName = txtLastName. Text rsAddGuest! Fullname = txtFirstName. Text & † † & txtLastName. Text rsAddGuest! Gender = cboGender. Text rsAddGuest! RoomChoice = cboRoomChoice. Text rsAddGuest! RoomNumber = cboRoomNumber. Text rsAddGuest! Picture = txtFilePathPic. Text rsAddGuest! CompleteDateStarted = Format(cboMonthStarted. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDateStarted. Text & â€Å"/† & cboYearStarted. Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyy†) rsAddGuest! CompleteDueDate = Format(cboDueMonth. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueDate. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueYear.Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyy†) rsAddGuest! Payment = txtIdHolder. Text rsAddGuest. Update rsAddGuest. Close Call Clear MsgBox â€Å"Guest has successfully Added. â€Å", vbOnly, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† End If End If End Sub Private Sub SaveTemplate_Click() Dim blob() As Byte ‘ First verify that template is not empty. If Templ Is Nothing Then MsgBox â€Å"You must create a fingerprint template before you can save it. † Exit Sub End If CommonDialog1. Filter = â€Å"Fingerprint Template File|*. fpt† ‘ Set dialog box so an error occurs if dialog box is cancelled. CommonDialog1. CancelError = True On Error Resume Next ‘ Show Save As dialog box. CommonDialog1. ShowSaveIf Err Then ‘ This code runs if the dialog box was cancelled. Exit Sub End If ‘ Export template to binary data. blob = Templ. Serialize ‘ Save binary data to file. Open CommonDialog1. FileName For Binary As #1 Put #1, , blob Close #1 End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() lblDate. Caption = Format(Date, â€Å"Long Date†) lblTime. Caption = Format(Time, â€Å"Long Time†) End Sub Private Sub Verify_Click() ‘ First verify that template is not empty. If Templ Is Not hing Then MsgBox â€Å"You must create fingerprint template before you can perform verification. † Exit Sub End If ‘ Show Fingerprint Verification dialog box. Verification. Show vbModal, Me End SubPublic Function Clear() txtFirstName. Text = â€Å"† txtLastName. Text = â€Å"† txtFilePathPic. Text = â€Å"† cboGender. Text = â€Å"† cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"† cboRoomNumber. Text = â€Å"† cboMonthStarted. Text = â€Å"† cboDateStarted. Text = â€Å"† cboYearStarted. Text = â€Å"† cboDueMonth. Text = â€Å"† cboDueDate. Text = â€Å"† cboDueYear. Text = â€Å"† cboRoomNumberDel. Text = â€Å"† imgbox. Visible = False img_box_del. Visible = False frameRegisterGuest. Visible = False frameSearchGuest. Visible = False End Function Public Function View() frameRegisterGuest. Visible = False frameSearchGuest. Visible = False frameViewGuest. Visible = True Set rsViewGuest = New ADODB. Recordset rsViewGuest.CursorLocation = adUseClient rsViewGuest. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsViewGuest. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsViewGuest. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration ORDER BY RoomNumber ASC†, ConnectDB Set dgGuestView. DataSource = rsViewGuest MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(0). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(2). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(5). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(7). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(8). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(1). Width = 2200 MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(3). Width = 1900 MainFrame. dgGuestView. Columns(4). Width = 1600 MainFrame. dgGuestView.Columns(6). Width = 1200 Set rsViewGuest = Nothing End Function â€Å"Verification† Dim Templ As DPFPTemplate Private Function ConnectDB() As String ConnectDB = â€Å"DRIVER={MySQL ODBC 5. 1 Driver}; SERVER = localhost; DATABASE = db_AMASS; USER = root; PASSWORD = †;† End Fu nction Private Sub cboRoomChoice_Click() If cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"Economy† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 1500 ElseIf cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"Standard† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 2000 ElseIf cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"Family† Then txtIdHolder. Text = 2500 End If End Sub Private Sub cboRoomNumberDel_Click() dgGuestDelete. Visible = True Set recordSetDelete = New ADODB. Recordset recordSetDelete.CursorLocation = adUseClient recordSetDelete. CursorType = adOpenDynamic recordSetDelete. LockType = adLockOptimistic recordSetDelete. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE RoomNumber = ‘† & cboRoomNumberDel. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB Set dgGuestDelete. DataSource = recordSetDelete MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(0). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(2). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(7). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(8). Visible = False MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(1). Wi dth = 2200 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(3). Width = 1800 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(4). Width = 1800MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(6). Width = 1600 MainFrame. dgGuestDelete. Columns(8). Width = 3200 If recordSetDelete. EOF True Then img_box_del. Visible = True img_box_del. Picture = LoadPicture(recordSetDelete! Picture) cmdDeletee. Visible = True cmdEditt. Visible = True cmdOpenSesame. Visible = True Else MsgBox â€Å"This room has no guest yet. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† img_box_del. Visible = False cmdOpenSesame. Visible = False End If If recordSetDelete. EOF True Then MainFrame. txtIdHolder. Text = recordSetDelete! RoomNumber End If End Sub Private Sub cmdBrowse_Click() CommonDialog1. ShowOpen xtFilePathPic. Text = CommonDialog1. FileName imgbox. Picture = LoadPicture(txtFilePathPic. Text) imgbox. Visible = True End Sub Private Sub cmdClear_Click() Call Clear End Sub Private Sub cmdDeletee_Click() Set rsDelete = New ADODB. Recordset rsDelete. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsDelete. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsDelete. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsDelete. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to delete this Guest?. â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Delete Verification†) = vbYes Then rsDelete. Delete MsgBox â€Å"Guest has been successfully deleted. , vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Set dgGuestDelete. DataSource = Nothing Call Clear End If End Sub Private Sub cmdEditt_Click() Call Clear frameSearchGuest. Visible = False frameRegisterGuest. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Caption = â€Å"Edit here†¦ † save. Visible = False Dim rsEditGuestt As New ADODB. Recordset rsEditGuestt. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsEditGuestt. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsEditGuestt. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsE ditGuestt. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB txtFirstName. Text = rsEditGuestt! FirstName txtLastName. Text = rsEditGuestt! LastName cboGender.Text = rsEditGuestt! Gender cboRoomChoice. Text = rsEditGuestt! RoomChoice cboRoomNumber. Text = rsEditGuestt! RoomNumber txtFilePathPic. Text = rsEditGuestt! Picture cmdUpdateNah. Visible = True End Sub Private Sub cmdOpenSesame_Click() Set rsOpen = New ADODB. Recordset rsOpen. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsOpen. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsOpen. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsOpen. Open â€Å"SELECT * FROM tbl_registration WHERE RoomNumber = ‘† & MainFrame. txtIdHolder. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB writePort rsOpen! RoomNumber End Sub Private Sub cmdUpdateNah_Click() Dim rsUpdateNah As New ADODB. Recordset rsUpdateNah. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsUpdateNah.CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsUpdateNah. LockType = adL ockOptimistic rsUpdateNah. Open â€Å"tbl_registration WHERE FullName = ‘† & MainFrame. txtSearch. Text & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to update this Guest?. â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Update Verification†) = vbYes Then rsUpdateNah! templates = Templ. Serialize rsUpdateNah! FirstName = txtFirstName. Text rsUpdateNah! LastName = txtLastName. Text rsUpdateNah! Fullname = txtFirstName. Text & † † & txtLastName. Text rsUpdateNah! Gender = cboGender. Text rsUpdateNah! RoomChoice = cboRoomChoice. Text rsUpdateNah! RoomNumber = cboRoomNumber. Text rsUpdateNah! Picture = txtFilePathPic. Text sUpdateNah! CompleteDateStarted = Format(cboMonthStarted. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDateStarted & â€Å"/† & cboYearStarted. Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyy†) rsUpdateNah! CompleteDueDate = Format(cboDueMonth. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueDate. Text & â€Å"/† & cboDueYear. Text, â€Å"mm/dd/yyyyâ₠¬ ) rsUpdateNah. Update rsUpdateNah. Close MsgBox â€Å"Guest has successfully Updated. â€Å", vbOnly, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Call Clear End If End Sub Private Sub cmeExitAdd_Click() frameRegisterGuest. Visible = False End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Dim rsguestview As New ADODB. Recordset If mskDateStarted. Text â€Å"† Then Set rsguestview = New ADODB. Recordset sguestview. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsguestview. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsguestview. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsguestview. Open â€Å"Select * from tbl_logs where Date= ‘† & mskDateStarted & â€Å"‘†, ConnectDB Set DataGrid1. DataSource = rsguestview MainFrame. DataGrid1. Columns(0). Width = 2200 Set rsguestview = Nothing End If End Sub Private Sub Enroll_Click() Enrollment. Show vbModal, Me End Sub Public Function GetTemplate() As Object ‘ Template can be empty. If so, then returns Nothing. If Templ Is Nothing Then Else: Set GetTem plate = Templ End If End Function Public Sub SetTemplete(ByVal Template As Object) Set Templ = Template End SubPrivate Sub Form_Load() Call Clear Call View Dim blob() As Byte Dim rs As New ADODB. Recordset rs. CursorLocation = adUseClient rs. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rs. LockType = adLockOptimistic rs. Open â€Å"Select * from tbl_registration†, ConnectDB blob = rs! templates ‘set raw image from MySQL database If Templ Is Nothing Then ‘convert raw image to picture Set Templ = New DPFPTemplate Templ. Deserialize blob End If End Sub Private Sub mnuAddGuest_Click() Call Clear flag = 1 save. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Caption = â€Å"Register here†¦ † frameRegisterGuest. Visible = True rameSearchGuest. Visible = False frameViewGuest. Visible = False cmdUpdateNah. Visible = False End Sub Private Sub mnuChangeUser_Click() If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to logout and change user? â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System†) = vbYes Then Unload Me frmStandbyMode. Show frmLogin. Show End If End Sub Private Sub mnuEditGuest_Click() frameEditGuest. Show End Sub Private Sub mnuInventory_Click() frmInventory. Show End Sub Private Sub mnuLogout_Click() If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to exit program? â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System†) = vbYes Then closePort Unload Me rmStandbyMode. Show End If End Sub Private Sub mnuSearchGuest_Click() frameSearchGuest. Visible = True frameRegisterGuest. Visible = False frameViewGuest. Visible = False txtSearch. Text = â€Å"† cboRoomNumberDel. Text = â€Å"† cmdEditt. Visible = False cmdDeletee. Visible = False cmdOpenSesame. Visible = False img_box_del. Visible = False dgGuestDelete. Visible = False End Sub Private Sub mnuViewGuest_Click() Call View End Sub Private Sub ReadTemplate_Click() Dim blob() As Byte CommonDialog1. Filter = â€Å"Fingerprint Template File|*. fptà ¢â‚¬  ‘ Set dialog box so an error occurs if dialog box is cancelled. CommonDialog1. CancelError = True On Error Resume Next Show Open dialog box. CommonDialog1. ShowOpen If Err Then ‘ This code runs if dialog box was cancelled. Exit Sub End If ‘ Read binary data from file. Open CommonDialog1. FileName For Binary As #1 ReDim blob(LOF(1)) Get #1, , blob() Close #1 ‘ Template can be empty, it must be created first. If Templ Is Nothing Then Set Templ = New DPFPTemplate ‘ Import binary data to template. Templ. Deserialize blob End Sub Private Sub save_Click() Dim rsAddGuest As New ADODB. Recordset rsAddGuest. CursorLocation = adUseClient rsAddGuest. CursorType = adOpenDynamic rsAddGuest. LockType = adLockOptimistic rsAddGuest. Open â€Å"tbl_registration†, ConnectDB If txtFirstName.Text = â€Å"† Or txtLastName. Text = â€Å"† Or cboGender. Text = â€Å"† Or cboRoomChoice. Text = â€Å"† Or cboRoomNumber. Text = â€Å"â €  Or txtFilePathPic. Text = â€Å"† Or cboMonthStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDateStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboYearStarted. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueMonth. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueDate. Text = â€Å"† Or cboDueYear. Text = â€Å"† Then MsgBox â€Å"Missing Fields. â€Å", vbCritical + vbInformation, â€Å"Apartment Monitoring and Security System† Else If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to add this Guest?. â€Å", vbYesNo + vbInformation, â€Å"Delete Verification†) = vbYes Then rsAddGuest. AddNew rsAddGuest! templates = Templ. Serialize rsAddGuest! FirstName = txtFirstName. Text

Individual Leadership and Power Paper Essay

†¢ Review the Leader Motives in Ch. 5 of Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience. How would you characterize Ho Ching’s motives? †¢ Review Highlight 5.3 in Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience. What role, if any, do managerial differences based on gender play here? Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines We have described power as the capacity to cause change and influence as the degree of actual change in a target’s behaviors. Ho Ching’s power as a leader has been recognized by many, but would you describe Ho Ching as an influential leader? Why? A1) Ho Ching is an influential leader because of her capability to achieve complete control and authority over millions of people. She has been influential in bringing changes to the disclosure policies of the company. In order to make progress, a leader should take bold and controversial decisions fearlessly. They have a role playing in expanding the company or the group’s role as a leader. It is clear after reading about her actions and decisions that she possesses leadership qualities that are needed in order to become a great leader. On the basis of these convictions, I declare her a leader. 1. Based on the excerpt from Ho Ching’s speech, what type of tactics does she use to influence the behavior of others? A2) Her leadership approach is persuasive and populist which seems clear from one of her addresses through a speech. Alder taking all decisions must be acceptable for the masses and must present logic and reason to which her subordinates can link to and make use of. The thing about their local natives is that they possess a  democratic mindset with capitalism approach and their business ideas are based on entrepreneurship than traditional concept of the business. This is how the popular vote concepts work for her. Read more: Leadership Speech for School Captain Her leadership role and visions deserves praise and the fact that she believes why the local firm must expand to other boundaries poses an intelligent approach. Her leadership approach enriched with accommodation and scented with populist policy enables the company to grow and similarly it enables the employees and management to work together. 3. Ho Ching has been named one of the most powerful leaders in Asia. What are her major sources of power? A3) Her sources of power being one of the most successful leaders can be her populist approach to leadership. Her decisions are logical as well as pragmatic and they are made keeping in view long term affairs that can enable a higher level of capability for the firm based on good faith induced by her. If there has to be made any changes in policy, the management and board of directors are kept up close with confidence. After complete knowledge and consent of these people she enforces the decision which as a result enables her to maintain friendly relations with the board and managers. As a visionary leadership she has the ability to think in long terms. She believes that her local region on the globe can utilize its global economical strength and that she aims to eliminate the concept of nation states by encouraging existing powers to come forward and lead the world in terms of growth. The long term thinking strategy vision of hers is capable of expanding the company and the region she lives in. On the basis of these arguments, I believe that she has the strength of a revolutionary leader who believes in having a vision for her people. With such leaders, the nations are likely to prosper and touch heights.

Online reputation for Patrizia Pepe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Online reputation for Patrizia Pepe - Essay Example In this technologically modern world, where the internet is becoming more and more prominent in social as well as economic spheres, e-commerce has emerged as a particularly potent avenue for business expansion and a decidedly effectual and savvy technique for the modern business to completely penetrate its target market. Countless businesses have taken up this avenue and shown rapidly escalating positive results and more and more businesses have caught the online commerce train in their wake. Patrizia Pepe is one such example. Patrizia Bambi and Claudio Orrea in 1993, created Patrizia Pepe (PP), a clothing and accessories line for men and women and the brand has since then, through constant innovation, an open mindset towards change and incorporation of modern technologies and production and retail methods and techniques progressed rapidly and grown successfully across international borders. PP has in the line of innovation and change, also taken up e-commerce through which it has ex panded its business reach to its target market and hence, the resulting sales. Presently, PP uses numerous online websites, which include social networking groups and websites for online purchasing as the medium for reaching its consumer base across the world. Patrizia Pepe has established its brand website, which displays riveting pictures of the new collections, which have been timed to keep flipping so that it keeps the customer’s first glance engaged longer. The website offers information about the current ad-campaigns and press, the latest collections for men and women, the location of the company’s stores, an option to shop online through the website, and a link called community, which leads the customer to a page with links to different social networking

Nova callege Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nova callege - Assignment Example But the reaction on Mrs Mallard upon her husband’s death is enough proof to determine that what goes on between them cannot be characterized by pure love or devotion to each other. Richards and her sister Josephine took great lengths to be gentle in how they break the bad news to her. The both of them were reluctant and calculating in telling her of the tragedy that ended Brently Mallard’s life. â€Å"When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her† (Chopin, par. 3). Her reaction was not analogous to other women before her in the same position. After the immediate show of grief, her next move was to go swiftly to her room and contemplate on what the event essentially means and how the same could change her life. She looked at it as a new beginning and an escape from a dreadful married life. The irony of course was how fast things happen and how lives could change and end in an hour. The overwhelming emotions that were because of her husband’s death introduced to her the prospect of a new which is equivalent to nothing less than freedom. The same freedom she shouted from her heart a nd had enveloped her whole being eventually led to her own death. The plot of â€Å"The Lottery† is an intriguing narrative of an old village and their practice which captivates the reader and keeps them wondering on what all the activity going on is all about. Shirley Jackson was very prolific in her description of the village and the people that comprise it. The children who are playing all around and their banter including the atmosphere as it was a time just after school ended and their vacation has just started. The village is portrayed as common and nothing out of the ordinary and the same goes for the village folks. The title of the short story is very curious and evokes an inquisitive outlook prior to completing the conclusion. The children occupied by collecting stones suggest the perception

Persuasive Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Persuasive Speech - Essay Example Bright packing, celebrities advertising these or those goods, enormous list of ingredients, higher prices, lower prices, discounts- all the means are justified in achieving this goal. It seemed that food producers suffered and struggled seriously until the concept of organic food was invented. However, it is possible to state that organic food existed as long as humanity itself but only in our time it became trendy when people understood that it can bring money. Selling organic producers play on our subconscious desire to buy best product, the most nutritious and the least harmful, however, in reality it is only the way to buy old goods under new names in new packing. So it is important to find out what organic food is basically and why it has become so popular. Because it turns out that third part of American consumers prefer organic products to conventional products and are ready to spend extra money buying them despite the fact that the crucial difference between these two kinds of products was not established (Warner, 2005). In this essay I will try to outline the difference between organic and inorganic food and prove that organic food is just another method of selling products for higher prices. This will be done to make readers understand that the label â€Å"organic† must be perceived as additional advertisement not as absolute mark of quality (Blair, 2012). First of all organic products are those products which are grown without any chemicals, such as synthetic pesticides, artificial fertilizers, radiation aimed to kill bacteria. As for the animals the label organic signifies that animals were fed organic food only and were treate d without antibiotics and hormones (Blair, 2012). These chemicals became popular in the 20th century as they allow protecting crops from pests. In the United States of America farmers must adhere to certain rules and regulation to be allowed to call their products organic. USDA regulates adherence to these regulations.

Strategic Corporate Finance Workshop Research Paper

Strategic Corporate Finance Workshop - Research Paper Example A shareholder may not find investment in the company as an attractive option taking into consideration the time value of money. Thus, profit maximisation does not provide any assurance with regard to the timing and risk associated with the cash flow either. It can be concluded that profit maximisation does not help in improving the value placed on the company by the shareholders. It is needless to say that it is the funds from the shareholder that mainly supports the operations of a company and shortage in such funds could affect the survival of the company in the long run. Therefore, profit maximisation should not be the ultimate goal of a financial manager. Just like profit maximisation, sales maximisation would not bear an impact on the market value of the company. Sales maximisation does not even assure profit maximisation, leave alone enhancing the company's value. Sometimes, the cost involved in maximising the sales may even cancel out the benefit derived from it. In today's world, it is extremely important for every company to be socially responsible. Social responsibility includes maximising benefits to the employees and the society at large. In the long run, socially responsible actions taken by a company would also benefit the shareholders indirectly. However, social responsibility cannot be viewed as the main purpose of running a company. The company cannot put its social responsibility ahead of its own survival. Therefore, maximisation of benefit to employees and local community would not be the main goal of a financial manager. (d) Maximisation of shareholder wealth - Shareholders are the actual owners of a company. Shareholders investment is crucial for the survival of the company. The shareholders choose to invest in the company that can give highest returns on the investment made. Therefore maximisation of shareholder wealth should be the main goal of a financial manager. The financial manager should ensure that the resources are allocated in such a way that it results in maximisation of shareholders wealth. Answer 2:- (a) Net Present Value (NPV): Conversion of uncertain cash flow to certain cash flow Year Uncertain Cash Flow() Certain Cash Flow () (Uncertain CF x 0.75) 1 103,750 77,812 2 113,750 85,312 3 123,750 92,812 4 133,750 100,312 5 123,750 92,812 6 105,750 79,312 7 103,750 77,812 8 98,750 74,062 Computation of Net Present Value (NPV): [NPV = Present Value of Cash Inflow - Present Value of Cash Outflow] Year Certain Cash Flow () Discount Factor* Present Value of C

Project on There's Something About Mary (1998) Scene Analysis Essay

Project on There's Something About Mary (1998) Scene Analysis - Essay Example Although it was at the number one slot till its eighth week at the weekly box office, it played a total of well over 176 million U.S. dollars (cost about 23 million U.S. dollars) and was thus the third most successful film in 1998. ‘There's Something About Mary’ occupies space 27 in the list of the 100 best English comedies, as per list published by the American Film Institute on the 100-year anniversary of American film. In general, the reactions of critics to the film were positive. Internet reviewing site received 82 reviews, giving the film an overall score of 83%. The rating for the film on the site averaged at seven out of ten. They considered the movie to be warm and have a strong heart, despite the childish and trivial humor that it exhibited. Metacritic gave the film a lower rating of 69%, as a consequence of reviews from 29 critics. The film critic for the Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert rated the film three stars out of four, stating the watching the film exposes some of our base human nature, our humor, by ignoring the normal standards of political correctness, manners, values and decorum (Ebert 1998). One of the most amusing scenes of the film occurs when Mary arrives for a date with Ben Stiller’s character, who is masturbating in the bathroom. Despite the borderline vulgarity and offensiveness of the scene, it is very funny.

Crime Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crime Statistics - Essay Example Most are the consequences of Internet tools. For instance, in most robbery cases since the Internet needs individual profiles to give even the most fundamental service, the Internet, because there is a need, displays that profile for the free access of the public as well as the perpetrators. The data from the article comes from the FBI's violent crime statistics, and it reflected the sudden increase in the cases of violence in all parts of the US. Due to the lack of worry among the US public, the perpetrators of violent crimes have transformed into predators waiting for innocent US citizens to fall in their traps. The advantages of the FBI and Reuters as the sources for these violent crime rates on the enterprising US societies cannot be denied: it has enabled the easy access to transactional data for people to become aware of the current crime situation in their country. In addition, the utilization of the FBI and Reuters news and online transacting is at present the most prescribed manner of becoming aware of the latest news, as the media can act only as a channel of connecting with its users, but of searching fresh ones and of managing interactions with present users also.

Submit a 3150-3850 word description of a new organizational paradigm Essay

Submit a 3150-3850 word description of a new organizational paradigm and analyze the ways in which an existing organization could operate within that paradigm - Essay Example 30% of all employees are Americans and 70 % of employees come form different cultures. The Bell group is specialized in hotel and resort services. It is expected that technology and knowledge will be the main issues changing the world over the next 5 yeas. The new organization paradigm will be based on innovative technologies and introduction of knowledge management initiatives. The division of horal and reports is based on traditional centralized structure. In order to keep control over the assets that are invested into these new business alliances, Bell Group establishes a hierarchical structure of formal control for them. This depends on the significance of the alliance and the potential danger associated with losing key internal resources. Control is an important factor which helps to integrator tasks across teams and has the potential for redesigning the entire organization in terms of job descriptions or promotion schemes, management frequently lacks the commitment to change the entire control structure of the organization. Thus, personal change was a crucial element of learning and organizational change. The potential lies in a reduction of the number of middle managers or a change in the authority structure. It is, however, only when the full potential of technology has been realized that organizational structure changes become more visible. It may therefore take time to notice the long-term effect of increased technology use on organizational design (Bolman and Deal 2003). The greater the degree of specialization, the greater the tendency to concentrate on individual functions while losing sight of overall federal objectives. Thus, conflicts arise among group, functional, and territorial politicians, even though all are preoccupied with the same policy and strategies. Today, decentralization of decision making varies among departments and employees (Hesselbein et al`1997). It is supposed that

Child development Essay Example for Free

Child development Essay The following essay will examine factors that affect a child’s learning and development. All children are distinctive individuals and differ in pattern and timing of maturation, as well as individual personality, learning style, cultural and family background. Each child has its own varying strengths, weaknesses, specific needs and skills. The age of a child is an effective indicator to the sequence of stages of development; however, it is only an estimation of maturation, as the mentioned independent factors will differ from child to child. The stages of development in children aged one to five years include the prenatal period, infancy, toddler stage, and early childhood and cover a plethora of progress in all areas of development. Expected changes in growth take place in all areas of development, particularly in the early years, and these include physical, intellectual, language, emotional, and social development. The first five years of life are crucial for expanding the foundations for learning and development. Research has shown that the developing child is learning to discover, communicate, and extend ideas about how things work. Read more: Factors that influence child development essay The successful progress of these abilities and skills depend largely on a child’s early environment. Parents, teachers, and care providers promote development and learning when they provide experiences that build on and extend the child’s capabilities. However, it is clear from evidence on both sides of the argument that development and learning result from a contribution of both biological factors and environmental factors. Empiricists believe environmental influences shape learning and development, while nativists emphasise inborn, genetic characteristics influence development (Bee, 2006b). Development could be described as an interactive relationship between the inherited qualities of an individual and the external environment. A child’s emotional and social development is shaped by internal influences, for example, a child may be inherently shy or outgoing, however the environment will also influence the child’s social and emotional development, such as successful first relationships, cultural values and how family and peers interact with the child, i. e. the child’s immediate social environment. Cognitive development could be influenced by internal factors. Research has shown that teratogens (legal or illegal drugs), smoking, alcohol consumption can have adverse affects on cognitive development (Bee, 2006 a). A study by Monuteaux, (2006) shows the negative effects of smoking on the development of a child, and there is speculative study that maternal diet and smoking could be causal factors of ADHD (Bakker, 2003). Scarr (1983) summarises the internal and external influences on children’s development, â€Å"Both genes and environments are constituents in the developmental system, but they have different roles. Genes direct the course of human experience, but experiential opportunities are also necessary for development to occur† (Scarr, 1983, pp. 433). It is interesting to consider cognitive development in children and the subsequent affect on learning and behaviour. Piaget was an influential Swiss psychologist who researched cognitive development. Piaget believes cognitive development transpires through a combination of direct experience from one’s environment and an instinctive structure of biological maturation. Piaget suggested individuals are born with intellect to serve as a basic function that assists adaptation to their environment (Shaffer, 1989). His theory proposes that development proceeds through a set of four stages from infancy to adulthood. Piaget believed that the first stage of cognitive development is the sensorimotor stage; this occurs in the first two years of a child’s life and involves infants using motor skills and all the senses, sight, smell, touch etc to explore and gain an understanding of the environment. Preoperational stage progresses from the sensorimotor stage and includes the use of language to understand the environment, images and symbols are also used to represent the environment; this is from two to seven years of age. Piaget believed language is egocentric at this stage. The next stage is termed concrete operations and children begin to use logical thought processes to further their understanding and occurs from ages seven to eleven. Formal Operation is the last stage Piaget believes takes place in cognitive development and it involves the ability to use abstract thought processes. This is from eleven onwards (Shaffer, 1989). The central idea of Piaget’s cognitive theory is the attainment of schemas, and further assimilation and accommodation of these schemas constantly return the child to a state of equilibrium. A schema is any thought or object that one may have experienced and is then organised to aid coherence. Assimilation is the process of adding new information to enhance the understanding of an existing schema, and thus producing a new schema. Accommodation is the adjustment of an existing schema in order to include new information. Equilibration is the term Piaget uses to describe the balance a child reaches when it satisfied with a schema, new information places the child in a state of disequilibrium or imbalance, until, assimilation and accommodation allow equilibration to take place. As with all theories, Piaget was criticised for placing too much emphasis on environment and not considering social interaction as an impacting force (Cohen, 1993). It has also been suggested that children appear to have existing understanding of basic principles, e. g. a study by Gibson and Walk, used a ‘visual cliff’ where a checkerboard pattern continued several feet below a glass table. The test showed that infants as young as 5 months were able to perceive depth, and would not proceed when they reached the end of the ‘cliff’ (Bee, 2006b). This shows that many foundations of cognitive ability are already present and further learning will increase cognitive development. Vygotsky is another central figure in the domain of constructivist theory; however, he differs from Piaget in that Vygotsky places more emphasis on social learning and its effect on cognitive development. His theory focuses on a term he called ‘zone of proximal development’ and defined it as â€Å"the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable peers† (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 86). Vygotsky believed that learning takes place in this zone. The idea of ZPD suggests that cognitive development is established by social learning with capable peers or adults and cooperative analytical skills. In contrast to Piaget, Vygotsky stated that development was an intricate lifelong process that could not be defined into stages, but instead is to be examined as a means of development rather than an end. Vygotsky’s theory reflects correlation between learning and development. Newborn children are constantly learning from their experiences and they form understanding from theses experiences, Vygotsky, believes this learning is directly linked to sociocultural perspective. As they grow older, infants readily learn from observation and cooperative learning with peers and adults (Moyles, Miller) The psychodynamic approach addresses children’s learning by focusing on internal mechanisms, such as instincts, conflicts and unconscious forces. A familiar idea of this theory is that unconscious as well as conscious forces regulate behaviour. Freud suggested three intuitive drives for survival, the sexual drive to reproduce the human race, hunger and pain trigger the instinct to preserve one’s life and aggressive drives are the third force. Freud’s theory is criticised on many accounts, mostly that he suggests the main underlying cause of problems are sexually related, and secondly it is scientifically difficult to measure the hidden unconscious of a being. Freud’s theory implies that children learn behaviour through the progress of three stages. The newborn and infant are driven by what he termed the id; this is an inborn instinct, which demands instant gratification. As the child grows older, it learns that it cannot achieve instant gratification all the time, and the ego develops as an intermediary pacifier, which takes social contexts into consideration and delays gratification. The superego is the higher form of moral reasoning and is often considered as a parental restrictor, this last stage develops much later in development (Bee, 2006b). It can be seen how Freud’s theory affects social and emotional development and behaviour in the first five years, as most children at this age are controlled by the id and the developing ego. Erikson’s theory is often viewed as an extension of Freud’s psychosexual theory of Development. Erikson suggests that development progresses over a lifespan and he portrays this in his theory of the eight stages of psychosocial development. His theory proposes that each stage has a conflict within it that must be resolved before proceeding to the next stage; each stage presents the opportunity for success or failure. The first three stages are relevant in the first five years of a child’s life and include emotional, social and cognitive development on behaviour acquisition. The first stage is trust versus mistrust and takes place in the period of the first two years of infancy; this stage propounds an emotional crisis in which the child must successfully develop trust and security and emotional well-being. If the care provider does not reciprocate emotional care positively the child becomes mistrustful. Once the child has learned trust, it advances to the next stage of autonomy versus shame, and approximately takes place in early childhood. This stage concentrates on the child’s ability to develop confidence and a sense of independence. Children at this age (approximately two to four years) begin to manage small parts of their lives, and Erikson suggests toilet training is a huge feat in establishing independence in a child. It also consists of decision-making and choice over things like food, clothes etc, if a child is unsuccessful in this stage then it leads to shame and a feeling of inadequacy. The third stage occurs from about three to five years of age, and incorporates the child’s ability to play and develop social skills of leadership or subordination, power and a sense of self. If the child cannot overcome the crisis then inhibition, fear and a prolonged development are the result. The successful child proceeds to the next stage and so forth (Brain 2005) The humanistic perspective argues that behaviour is subjective as individuals determine and control their own thoughts and actions. Maslow hypothesised a hierarchy of need, in which each level of the hierarchy had to be satisfied before the human need moved on to the next level. For example, according to Maslow’s hierarchy it is not perceived that an individual would desire the comfort of a spouse or children, if basic physiological needs such as food and water were not satisfied (Bee 2006a). Children develop and learn most productively in the environment of a community where they are safe and valued, and their emotional and physiological needs fulfilled. If physical nourishment is transpiring then Maslow’s theory depicts emotional well-being as an important factor, certainly all aspects of development are influenced by successfully accomplishing positive first relationships. This provides the constructive foundation for effective social and emotional development, which will inadvertently affect cognitive development as well. Skinner constructed a theory he termed operant conditioning, and based it on the notion that learning is a means of behaviour modification. His experiments show how he conditioned rats to pull a lever to release food, the incentive for the rats was the food and the required behaviour was pulling the lever. The theory illustrates that changes in behaviour are the consequences of an individual’s reaction to incentives that occur in any given environment; subsequently the reaction will produce an outcome. When a specific response is reinforced, behaviour is conditioned, and the individual will respond to a stimulus to achieve its incentive; the result will be consistent each time. The crucial aspect of Skinner’s model is reinforcement, a particular behaviour can be acquired through reward, and certain behaviours prevented through punishment (Brain, 2005). Skinner’s theory belongs to the Behaviourist approach and is effective in explaining some of the causes and modifications of behaviour; it is often used in schools to elicit particular behaviours from children (usually in the form of sweets or stickers). Social learning theory clarifies behaviour in terms of consistent equal correlation between cognitive, behavioural, and environmental influences. Social learning theory has four main components, attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation, which cover physical, cognitive and behavioural development. Attention requires concentration so that the events are observed accurately. Retention includes the intellectual organization of information in order to store it effectively in the memory and remember the correct processes of events. Motor reproduction includes the physical ability to imitate the behaviour, for example, a human is not physically able to fly like superman. Motivation involves the child to be willing and motivated to imitate the behaviour. The observed consequences of a particular behaviour (whether punished or rewarded) may influence a child’s decision to imitate or not, Bandura called this modeling (Brain 205) One of the famous experiments conducted by Albert Bandura, known as the ‘Bobo doll’ experiment revealed that children imitated aggressive physical and verbal behaviour towards the dolls, exactly as they had observed, whereas the children who observed non-aggressive behaviour displayed practically no aggressive behaviour (Shaffer, 1989). Bandura suggests that social behaviour is learned primarily by observing and imitating the actions of others. Children are often observed imitating adults in role-play. Punishment and reward are also influences on behavioural development as mentioned in Skinner’s theory, for example, a child may observe a peer being rewarded with a sticker for tidying up and then learn that to obtain a sticker s/he must also tidy up. This theory facilitates an understanding of how behaviour is acquired and how it may be modified. John Bowlby developed attachment theory and he suggested that first relationships are the basis for young childrens development, predominantly their social and emotional development. Bowlby (1979: 129) states â€Å" attachment behaviour is held to characterize human beings from the cradle to the grave†; much of Bowlby’s work was on the maternal bond that develops with a child. He believed that the connection between mother and child, or caregiver and child has a basic gentle and evolutionary basis, in order for the child to receive appropriate care, protection and nourishment; it has a tendency to maintain nearness to the main caregiver. Bowlby maintained that a child displays attachment behaviour when separated from the main care provider, first as protest, then despair and finally as detachment. First relationships can be summarised as â€Å"a deeply rooted motivational system that ensures close contact between babies and adult caregivers who can protect, nurture, and guide their development† (Shonkoff, 2000, p 230). Bowlby expanded and utilised various research to support his theory, one of his early works included research on delinquent adolescents and discovered maternal deprivation to be a recurring matter. Michael Rutter (1981) criticized Bowlby’s theory, and suggested that early experiences cannot be held as direct underlying causes for later emotional distress, Rutter believed it is more significant how children are looked after in the period of severance not the actual severance itself (Cowie, 2002). Bowlby introduced three stages of attachment, during the first pre-attachment phase (0-2 months) babies do not develop a particular attachment, and are content to be cared for by anyone. In the second phase (2-7 months) babies show a firm attachment to the main caregiver and cling to this figure when in the presence of a stranger, Bowlby termed this ‘stranger fear’. The last phase is around two years of age and is labelled separation anxiety, the infant is confident to move away from the main caregiver provided they remain physically present for the child to return to Brain (2005). Bowlby suggested that constant loving care and nurturing was essential during the crucial phase between approximately 6 months and 3 years of age, maternal deprivation or separation from the primary caregiver would result in considerable detrimental effects on social and emotional development of the child (Cowie, 2002). Harlow and Harlow’s famous experiment on Rhesus monkeys provided support to Bowlby’s theory (Bowlby, 1973). In these experiments, young monkeys were separated from their mother shortly after birth. Two wire monkeys were substituted as artificial surrogate mothers. The first monkey was made of wire mesh and provided food; however, the second monkey was covered with foam and cloth and only provided comfort. The young monkeys nursed at the wire monkey but sought contact with the cloth monkey. The experiment showed that infants need a mother’s love and comfort, and it proved that infants prefer proximity and comfort from a mother, rather than just using the mother for nourishment. The young monkeys clutched to the soft cloth doll and explored more when in the presence of the soft cloth doll, and the doll seemed to provide them with a sense of security. Infants reared without normal social interaction with other monkeys, displayed either fearful or aggressive behaviour and the effects were apparent from two years of age, well into adulthood (Brain 2005). The experiment portrayed the importance of warmth, love and comfort that a nurturing mother or primary carer provides is essential for intellectual, social and emotional development. Mary Ainsworth’s research was based on an experiment to observe attachment behaviour between a child and the primary caregiver (usually the mother) the experiment is known as the strange situation. The procedure involves a child playing in a room, meanwhile the caregiver and stranger alternately enter and leave the room, the child’s play behaviour and responses to caregiver and stranger are observed. The experiment placed children in four categories of attachment, secure, insecure-avoidant, insecure-resistant and disorganized. Attachment theorists are realizing that children differ from birth, but individual personalities and development are influenced by social experience, environment, and the attachment relationship is affected by the characteristics of both child and caregiver (Parkes, 1993) Cultural differences in child-rearing practices have various implications and meanings across cultures. Culture defines a set of beliefs and patterns of behaviour; this can be in a social, religious, societal or ethnic context. Culture clearly has an influence on the development of children, Edwards and Gandini (1989) point out that culture organises and translates children’s behaviour and development (Hinde, 1993). â€Å"To understand development we must come to terms with the ways in which individuals, in developing their own self-concepts and participating in social relationships, both shape and are shaped by their social and cultural environment† (Hinde, 1993). In a research paper Reebye, (2006) found various studies on cultural differences in child rearing and the impact this had on child development. Chen et al. (1998) studied reticent behaviour in Chinese and Canadian children and the child-rearing attitudes of the relative mothers. The results showed that Chinese babies were significantly more withdrawn and shy than their Canadian counterparts, and the underlying cause of this behaviour difference lay in parental styles and attitudes. Taciturn behaviour was positively associated with the Chinese mother’s approval, whereas the Canadian mothers negatively received it, which implies a variation of the connotation of behaviour inhibition across both cultures (Reebye, 2006). Another example Reebye (2006) presents is a study conducted by Marcovitchet al (1997) which assessed the development, attachment and behavioural problems in adopted Romanian orphans between three to five years of age. The study revealed that children who had spent less time I institutional car displayed better development outcomes and more securely attached compared to the group of children who had spent more than six months in institutional care. The latter group were insecurely attached and scored less on development outcomes. The disadvantage of cross-cultural studies is the limitations of the range of studies in measuring attitudes, beliefs, cultural practices etc. Reebye (2006) continues to describe the importance of relationship development and its effects on affective, cognitive, social development and moral and ethical attitudes. Child-rearing practices and attachment directly influence these developmental factors, and it is important to remember that parenting practices are in turn influenced by social and cultural traditions. †The factors such as parental intuition, parental attitudes, attributions and beliefs, learned parenting skills, accepted cultural and societal parenting norms, family factors, and environmental factors such as extended family support, poverty or unemployment are the most influential ones. Each of these or all collectively, can be considered from a cross-cultural perspective. † (Reebye 2006). In today’s modern and often changing world, many cultures also change and adapt, from generation to generation. Changes in societal norms, immigration and such alike affect child-rearing practice considerably, such single parenting is a common family structure, yet in the Victorian times was extremely rare and frowned upon, other changes include inter-racial adoptions, parenting by same sex couples, use of surrogate mothers etc. It can be suggested that children’s social, emotional and cognitive development is indisputably influenced by environmental factors, genetic compositions, attachment and first relationship, cultural traditions and this is reflected in their unique personalities and behaviour. â€Å"In general, there is a need to understand multiple outcomes of child development (cognitive, physical, social, and emotional) within the context of multiple factors (social, economic, cultural, and community-level)† (The National Institute of Health, 2006). The first five years are important to understand the influences and causal links of child development in the early years. This may facilitate children’s well-being and ensure that government policies regarding children are reflective of child development needs, in particular families living in poverty or deprived areas. For example, quality of schools and education will affect cognitive development, and racial, gender, and religious integration will have positive effects on social development. It can be inferred that positive emotional development underpins all other areas of development, and if emotional development is defective then it will be replicated across other areas of development. In essence, all areas of development are interwoven and interdependent. The first five years are crucial for positive development, basic needs such as food, sleep and safety ensures good physical development, providing love, comfort and positive first relationships and attachments is essential to assist emotional development, which will also helps social development, and the correct stimulation and interaction ensures healthy cognitive development. REFERENCES Bakker, S. C. Van Der Meulen, E. M. Buitelaar, J. K. Sandkuijl, L. A. Pauls, D. L. Monsuur, A. J. Vant Slot, R. Minderaa. R. B. Gunning, W. B. Pearson, P. L. Sinke, R. J. (2003) â€Å"A Whole-Genome Scan in 164 Dutch Sib Pairs with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Suggestive Evidence for Linkage on Chromosomes 7p and 15q† American Journal of Human Genetics, Vol. 72, pp. 1251-1260 Bee, H. (2006a) Lifespan Development, Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc Bee, H. (2006b) The Developing Child, Boston, MA: Parson Education, Inc Bowlby, J. (1973) Separation: Anxiety Anger. Vol. 2 of Attachment and loss London: Hogarth Press; New York: Basic Books; Harmondsworth: Penguin Brain, C and Mukherjee, P. (2005) Understanding Child Psychology, Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd Cohen, D. (1993) The Development of Play, 2nd edition. London: Routledge Cowie, H. (2002) ‘Child Care and Attachment’ in Barnes, P (Ed), Personal, Social and Emotional Development of Children Milton Keynes: Blackwell Publishers Ltd Hinde, R and Hinde, J. (1993) ‘Perspectives on Attachment’ in Parkes, C. M. (Editor), Attachment Across the Life Cycle, Florence, KY, USA: Routledge http://site. ebrary. com/lib/uclan Monuteaux, M. C. Blacker, D. Biederman, J. Fitzmaurice, G and Buka, S. L. (2006) â€Å"Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring overt and covert conduct problems: a longitudinal study† Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 47, No. 9, pp. 883–890 National Institute of Health. (2006) The science and Ecology Of Early Development (SEED), http://grants. nih. gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-04-113. html Reebye, P. N, Ross. S. E and Jamieson. K (2006) A Literature review of the child-Parent/ Caregiver attachment theory and Cross-Cultural Practices influencing attachment, www. attachmentacrosscultures. org/research/#1: accessed on 19/12/2006 Scarr, S. , K. McCartney. (1983) ‘How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype-environment effects’, Child Development, Vol. 54, pp 425-35. Shaffer, D. R. (1989) Developmental Psychology, Childhood and Adolescence, 2nd Edition, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Shonkoff, J. P. (2000) From Neurons to Neighbourhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development. Washington, DC, USA: National Academy Press, http://site. ebrary. com/lib/uclan/ Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.